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日本ヒートアイランド学会論文集 Vol.4 (2009)

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09A00109A001学術論文
ヒートアイランドに関する都市空調システムの検討
- 就寝時におけるルームエアコンの動的運転特性の予測および空調顕熱排熱量の時空間解析 -

Air Conditioning System in Urban Areas Concerning Heat Island Problem
- Actual Performance Prediction of Room Air Conditioner and Prediction of Space-Time Characteristics of Air Conditioning Exhaust Heat at Bedtime -

四宮 徳章 Naruaki SHINOMIYA*1, 西村 伸也 Nobuya NISHIMURA*2, 伊與田 浩志 Hiroyuki IYOTA*2

*1大阪市立大学大学院工学研究科機械物理系専攻後期博士課程 Department of Mechanical and Physical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University
*2大阪市立大学大学院工学研究科機械物理系専攻 Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University]

概要を開く

Amount of exhaust heat from room air conditioners have increased in urban areas because of increasing in number of sultry nights. In this report, influences of high outdoor temperatures at night and operating mode of room air conditioners at bedtime on COP and exhaust heat were examined. Based both on the steady and the unsteady simulation results, COP is impacted by outdoor temperature and operating mode of room air conditioners, and exhaust heat is impacted by outdoor temperature. Next, space-time characteristics of exhaust heat in Osaka city were examined. Based both on the actual performance prediction of the room air conditioner and space-time analysis results, in two or three hours after sleeping, the generation of exhaust heat per unit area in a residential area (Hannan-cho, Abeno-ku) is at least 16W/m2.
09A00209A002学術論文
冬季晴天日におけるつくば市のヒートアイランド:予備観測の結果
Preliminary Analyses of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon on a Typical Winter Day in Tsukuba City

日下 博幸 Hiroyuki Kusaka*1,2, 大庭 雅道 Masamichi Ohba*3, 鈴木 智恵子 Chieko Suzuki*4,林 陽生 Yousay Hayashi*1, 水谷 千亜紀 Chiaki Mizutani*1

*1筑波大学大学院生命環境科学研究科 Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
*2筑波大学計算科学研究センター Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba
*3筑波大学陸域環境研究センター Terrestrial Environmental Research Center, University of Tsukuba
*4県立浦安高校 Urayasu High School

概要を開く

A field experiment is performed in Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, on the early morning 17 Feb 2008. As a result, we found the actual condition of the city-scale urban heat island phenomenon under the clear weak wind weather condition. The shape of the heat island is rectangular with northwest-southeast direction, and its center is found in the Takezono area including commercial areas. The heat island intensity at 0600 Japan Standard Time (JST) is 5℃. Observed vertical profile of the temperature reveals that the atmospheric stability is almost neutral over the central park near the station although it is strong stable over the open space in the University of Tsukuba. Additionally, the temperature difference between the two sites is confirmed from surface to 30 m above the ground, and the difference in the surface air temperature between the two sites is 4℃.
09A00309A003学術論文
人工排熱の排出特性が都市熱環境の再現に及ぼす影響
- 京阪神地域を対象とする感度分析 -

Sensitivity Analysis in Urban Climate Simulation Model to Determin Parametars that Strongly Influence on the Simulation Accuracy
- A case study around the Keihanshin district -

照井 奈都 Natsu TERUI*1, 鳴海 大典 Daisuke NARUMI*1, 下田 吉之 Yoshiyuki SHIMODA*1

*1大阪大学 Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University

概要を開く

In order to develop measures that effectively mitigate urban heat island phenomenon, a simulation model capable of predicting urban thermal climate precisely must be developed. This paper analyzes sensitivity of estimated air temperature in a meso-scale climate model to how anthropogenic heat is released. The result showed that the total amount of heat release from the residential, transportation and industrial sectors, the pattern of heat release from the residential and industrial sectors, the height of the industrial sector have a significant influence on air temperature during night and early morning while atmosphere is stable.
09A00409A004学術論文
土壌含水率計を用いた屋上緑化面からの蒸発量の簡易現場測定方法に関する研究
Study on a simple on-site estimation method of the evaporative flux from the green roof
using the water content ratio sensor of the soil

竹林 英樹 Hideki Takebayashi*1, 森山 正和 Masakazu Moriyama*1, 古橋 省吾 Syogo Furuhashi*2

*1神戸大学大学院工学研究科 Graduate school of Engineering, Kobe University
*2株式会社INAX, INAX Corporation

概要を開く

The on-site estimation method for the evaporative flux from the green roof using the TDR water content sensor of the soil is examined in comparison with the method of the weight change observation of grass and soil. Evaporative flux estimated by the method of the weight change observation is a little large, because of the insufficient shield around the test weight and the wind velocity variation of the test weight surface. The evaporative efficiency calculated by the estimation method using the TDR sensor is around 0.2 - 0.3, which is almost agree with the values in the conventional study. Two methods using the TDR water content sensor are compared. In the one method a TDR sensor is set vertically in the soil, and in the other method several TDR sensors are set horizontally in the soil. In the method setting a TDR sensor vertically, the observation result is influenced by the cavity nearby surface. And in the method setting several TDR sensors horizontally, the observation result cannot follow the water content ratio change of the surface neighborhood. If the installation of the TDR sensor is carried out more carefully in consideration for the cavities of the surface neighborhood etc., the on-site estimation of the evaporative flux from the green roof is possible.

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